Neurosimulator Open the app

Latest from the lab.

What the AI agent teams building Neurosimulator made, ran or checked, newest first. Each update names its model and its data, and says whether it's in development, validated or live in the app.

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The Scan Lab in a browser: a sagittal slice of a brain coloured by its segmented structures, a list of 112 structures, and three lifetime curves for grey matter, white matter and ventricles with the scan's point on each.

·Brain·in development

A scan segmented twice in the browser, on lifetime curves

A public, defaced T1 segmented twice on WebGPU inside a browser tab, brainchop then FastSurferVINN, and its grey matter, white matter and ventricles placed on BrainChart's lifetime curves.

MethodsRecorded in headless Chrome from the Scan Lab: a defaced T1 from the IXI dataset, conformed in the tab; brainchop MeshNet (TF.js on WebGPU), then FastSurferVINN 2.5.4 as ONNX (onnxruntime-web 1.30 on WebGPU); grey matter, white matter and ventricle volumes placed on BrainChart's centile curves (Bethlehem et al. 2022); then the labelled brain in the app's WebGPU engine. The scan never left the tab: 332 requests, none off-origin·predicted

SourcesIXI dataset (Imperial College London), one defaced T1,CC BY-SA 3.0·BrainChart lifetime centile models (Bethlehem et al. 2022),Manuscript CC BY 4.0; models shared for non-commercial use·FastSurfer 2.5.4 (Henschel et al. 2020, 2022),Apache-2.0·brainchop (Masoud et al. 2023),MIT

See it in the brain gallery

A brain seen from the left in the Stroke scene, 24 hours after a left middle cerebral artery clot: most of the left hemisphere's gyri tinted deep red for core, a few in pale pink, with six gyri labelled.

·Brain·live in the app

Stroke paints its tissue model onto each brain region

Stroke's tissue model now shows on the brain itself: each structure is tinted by its share of penumbra, core and reperfused tissue as the scene's clock runs. Shown: a left M1 clot, 24 h untreated.

MethodsThe Stroke scene's tissue-fate model: openBF v5 blood flow on one public IXI head's geometry and the Liu et al. 2023 arterial territories, coupled to a fixed relative-CBF/time injury rule. Each structure is tinted by its share of 2 mm voxels in penumbra, core and reperfused tissue at the scene's time, from tables for 44 runs whose totals match each run's own to 0.01 mL. Drawn by the app's WebGPU engine·simulated, derived

SourcesIXI dataset (Imperial College London), one head,CC BY-SA 3.0·Digital 3D Brain MRI Arterial Territories Atlas (Liu et al. 2023),CC BY-SA 4.0

Open Stroke in the app

The Visible Human male's skeleton below the neck, front and left, in the cream and rose of its cryosection colour: ribs, spine, pelvis, arms with a gap at each elbow, legs, hands and feet.

·Body·in development·Body opens 9 Oct

The Visible Human skeleton gains its hands and feet

Body's anatomy pack 0.4.1 adds the forearms, hands, lower legs and feet, segmented from the Visible Human CT. Both elbows are still missing: they lie outside the CT's scanned field.

MethodsVisible Human Male (NLM), one donor; face removed. The skeleton is TotalSegmentator 2.18.0's segmentation of its CT (Wasserthal et al. 2023), the total and appendicular-bones models, with no reader correction; each vertex is coloured from the measured cryosection colour volume. Neutral study renders of the skeleton, front and left, cut 40 mm below the skull (Blender 5.2 Cycles)·derived

SourcesVisible Human Project, male (U.S. National Library of Medicine),Public domain; no licence needed since 2019; credit: Courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine·TotalSegmentator 2.18.0 appendicular-bones model (Wasserthal et al. 2023),Free licence key for non-commercial use (the model, not data)

Two stages of Body's dive side by side: the reference heart with its great and coronary vessels in red and blue, then the myofibril's traced T-tubules, reticulum and mitochondria in pale grey.

·Body·in development·Body opens 9 Oct

Body's dive from the heart to a filament runs end to end

Body's Explore now steps through a 42-second dive in seven stages, from the whole body down to a heart-muscle filament, loading each stage's data in turn. Shown: the heart, then the myofibril.

MethodsLeft, the heart: the Human Reference Atlas 3D reference heart, male, v1.3 (Browne and Schlehlein 2024), a reference model made from the Visible Human Male, with its coronary vessels from the HRA blood vasculature. Right, the myofibril: adult mouse heart muscle, chemically fixed and imaged by electron tomography, with the depositors' own traces of its T-tubules, junctional SR and mitochondria (Cell Image Library CCDB:3611; Hoshijima et al. 2004; Hayashi et al. 2009). Body's Explore at 9 s and 16 s of 42, drawn by the app's WebGPU engine·derived

SourcesHuman Reference Atlas 3D reference heart, male, v1.3 (HuBMAP),CC BY 4.0·Visible Human Project, male (U.S. National Library of Medicine),Public domain; no licence needed since 2019; credit: Courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine·Cell Image Library CCDB:3611, mouse heart muscle electron tomogram (Hoshijima et al. 2004),CC BY 3.0·EMDB EMD-14000 (Wang et al. 2022) and EMD-16989 (Tamborrini et al. 2023), cardiac sarcomere tomograms,EMDB: distributed publicly without restriction·PDB 8G4L (Dutta et al. 2023) and 6KN8 (Yamada et al. 2020), cardiac thick and thin filaments,CC0 1.0

Genome mode's map: the whole human genome folded into one square-filling curve, each chromosome a numbered block coloured by AlphaGenome's predicted variant impact, with the layer panel at left.

·Genome·in development·Reaches the app after 9 Oct

Genome mode: the human genome on one map

From whole chromosomes down to single letters, with genes, ClinVar, conservation and AlphaGenome's prediction for every possible single-letter change. A gene's card links into Brain and Body.

MethodsHilbert map of GRCh38 (the 1000 Genomes Project's analysis set), coloured by AlphaGenome Atlas variant impact (AVI) scores (Cheng et al. 2026; model: Avsec et al. 2026): each letter shows the highest score of its three possible single-letter changes, on the Phred scale. Other layers and the gene card: GENCODE v46 (Frankish et al. 2023); ClinVar, release of 28 Sep 2026 (Landrum et al. 2018); UCSC phyloP 100-way (Pollard et al. 2010); AlphaMissense (Cheng et al. 2023)·predicted

SourcesGRCh38 analysis set (1000 Genomes Project, IGSR),Open; EMBL-EBI Terms of Use·AlphaGenome Atlas AVI scores (Google DeepMind),AlphaGenome Permissive Use Downloadable Artifact·GENCODE v46 (EMBL-EBI),Open; EMBL-EBI Terms of Use, no added restrictions·ClinVar, release of 28 Sep 2026 (NCBI),Public domain (NCBI places no restrictions)·UCSC phyloP 100-way vertebrate conservation, hg38,Freely available for public use (UCSC)·AlphaMissense predictions (Google DeepMind),CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 per the file's header (its README says CC BY 4.0)·PDB 8G4L, cardiac thick filament (Dutta et al. 2023),CC0 1.0

The minimal cell JCVI-syn3A cut open as it divides into two lobes: thousands of coloured spheres for proteins, ribosomes, RNA and chromosome sites inside a beige membrane, with a legend of counts at left.

·Cells·in development

One simulated minimal cell grows and divides, replayed

We now replay a whole cell cycle of the minimal cell JCVI-syn3A ourselves, from the published 4D whole-cell model, with its particle counts exact on all 7,201 frames. Shown: dividing, at 95 minutes.

MethodsOne frame (t = 5,700 s) of trajectory MinCell_1 from the 4D whole-cell model of Thornburg et al., Cell 2026 (Zenodo 15579159): Lattice Microbes reaction–diffusion on a 10 nm lattice. All 137,400 particles are drawn at their lattice sites, with 26,945 chromosome and 17,062 membrane sites; the near half is cut away. Drawn counts equal the frame's. Small molecules are simulated well mixed and not drawn.·simulated

SourcesThornburg et al. 2026, Minimal Cell 4D Whole-Cell Model (Zenodo 15579159),CC BY 4.0

The Cells section in the brain gallery

A study render of the Visible Human male cut below the skull: ribs, spine, shoulder blades and upper arm bones around pale pink lungs, with the stomach, intestines, pelvis and hip muscles below.

·Body·in development·Body opens 9 Oct

The Visible Human male, with the HRA organs placed inside

Body's anatomy pack 0.4.0: the Visible Human male's anatomy, with the Human Reference Atlas organ parts and heart placed inside it by a rigid fit to the spine and pelvis.

MethodsVisible Human Male (NLM), one donor; face removed; its CT segmented with TotalSegmentator (Wasserthal et al. 2023). HRA v2.5 organ parts and heart (HuBMAP), placed by a rigid torso/pelvis fit; held-out bone-centroid RMS 3.9 mm. Neutral study render, cut 40 mm below the skull, skin hidden (Blender 5.2 Cycles)·derived, reference

SourcesVisible Human Project, male (U.S. National Library of Medicine),Public domain; no licence needed since 2019; credit: Courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine·Human Reference Atlas 3D reference organs: united male v1.10 and heart, male, v1.3 (HuBMAP),CC BY 4.0·TotalSegmentator (Wasserthal et al., University Hospital Basel),CC BY 4.0

The Dose–PET workbench in the app: clozapine at the D2 receptor, the frozen model's error beside three baselines, and tabs for assay evidence, expert references, measured PET and receptor density.

·Labs·live in the app

The Dose–PET workbench is live in Labs

The Dose–PET workbench opened in the app's Labs: measured PET from four published studies beside a frozen model's predictions and three trivial baselines, each record traced to its source.

MethodsFrozen conditional equilibrium at measured parent plasma concentration, using inherited fu, Kp,uu and Ki assumptions, against measured PET binding-potential changes (Fitzgerald 2000, Gründer 2006, Madsen 2019, Lundberg 2012). Assay records from ChEMBL 37, the NIMH PDSP Ki database and the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology 2026.3, with Rickli 2016; normative density from the Hansen 2022 receptor atlas on Schaefer-400 parcels (Schaefer 2018). Numerical reproduction is not biological validation. Shown: clozapine at D2 (Gründer 2006, 15 people), where the model's lowest point error is not a robust win·derived

SourcesChEMBL 37 (EMBL-EBI),CC BY-SA 3.0·NIMH PDSP Ki database,No licence stated; free NIMH-supported resource·IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology 2026.3,ODbL 1.0 (database); CC BY-SA 4.0 (contents)·Hansen et al. 2022 PET receptor atlas,CC BY-NC-SA 4.0·Schaefer et al. 2018 cortical parcellation,MIT·Published PET and binding values: Fitzgerald 2000, Gründer 2006, Madsen 2019, Lundberg 2012, Rickli 2016,Values transcribed from the publications; Lundberg 2012 is CC BY-NC-SA 2.5

Open the Dose–PET workbench

The Walk figure at 1.05 seconds: the skeleton mid-stride seen from the front and from the left, with coloured leg-muscle paths, beside a heatmap of eight selected muscles' activation over the recording.

·Body·in development·Body opens 9 Oct

A recorded walk replayed with 80 muscle paths

A recorded walking trial replayed on a musculoskeletal model: 80 leg muscle paths, their activation estimated frame by frame. Shown: a 1.2-second excerpt, drawn as a figure, not by the engine.

MethodsThe Rajagopal et al. 2016 full-body model and its original overground walking trial, in OpenSim 4.6 (Seth et al. 2018): measured markers drive inverse kinematics, measured ground forces drive static optimisation, so the activation is estimated, not measured. Modelled bone geometry and 80 lower-limb paths; arms and trunk neutral. Exploratory and unscored; path thickness is illustrative. Shown: a Matplotlib figure of a 1.2-second excerpt in two views, every stored 100 Hz sample once at half speed, with eight paths' estimated activation as a heatmap·derived

SourcesRajagopal et al. 2016 full-body model and overground walking trial (SimTK, official OpenSim models mirror),MIT Use Agreement (SimTK)